PERILAKU KERJA INOVATIF: STUDI KONTRIBUSI PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL PADA WIRAUSAHA

Annisa Julianti; Natalia Konradus; Desi Susianti

doi:10.33578/mbi.v17i7.262

Authors

Annisa Julianti Universitas Gunadarma
Natalia Konradus Universitas Gunadarma
Desi Susianti Universitas Gunadarma

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33578/mbi.v17i7.262

Keywords:

Perilaku Kerja Inovatif, Psychological Capital, Wirausaha

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi psychological capital terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif pada wirausaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode kuesioner. Pengukuran variabel perilaku kerja inovatif dan psychological capital yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu skala Innovative Work Behavior Scale (Janssen, 2004) dan Psychological Capital Questionnaire 12 (PCQ-12) (Djourova, Lorente, & Rodriguez, 2019). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 107 wirausaha yang berusia minimal 18 tahun dan memiliki usaha yang sedang berjalan. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Pengujian hipotesis untuk melihat seberapa besar kontribusi psychological capital terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif menggunakan teknik regresi linear berganda. Pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa psychological capital memberikan kontribusi terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif dengan nilai R square sebesar 0,203 dan nilai F sebesar 6,476 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,001). Sedangkan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan metode stepwise menunjukkan bahwa hanya dimensi resiliensi dan optimisme yang memberikan kontribusi paling signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif dengan nilai R square sebesar 0,174 dan nilai F sebesar 10,972 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,001). Artinya psychological capital memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif pada wirausaha.

Author Biographies

Annisa Julianti, Universitas Gunadarma

Fakultas Psikologi

Natalia Konradus, Universitas Gunadarma

Fakultas Psikologi

Desi Susianti, Universitas Gunadarma

Fakultas Psikologi

References

Al-Rasyid, A., & Bangun, Y.R. (2015). The relationship between psychological capital and entrepreneurial trairts: a case study of MBA SBM ITB students in Bandung. Journal of Business and Management. 4(3). 297-416.

Anwar, M. (2017). Pengantar teori kewirausahaan. Teori dan aplikasi. Jakarta: Kencana.

Avey J.B., Nimnicht J.L., & Pigeon N.G. (2010). Two field studies examining the association between positive psychological capital and employee performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 31, No. 5, 2010.

Bakker, A. B., Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., & Derks, D. (2012). La emergencia de la psicología de la salud ocupacional positiva. Psicothema, 24(1), 66–72.

Caniëls, M. C. J., Hatak, I., Kuijpers, K. J. C., de Weerd-Nederhof, P. C. (2022). Trait resilience instigates innovative behaviour at work? A cross-lagged study. Creativity and Innovation Management, 31( 2), 274– 293. https://doi.org/10.1111/caim.12486

Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and anxiety, 18(2), 76-82.

de Jong, J.P.J. & Den Hartog, D.N. (2007). How leaders influence employees' innovative behaviour, European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41-64, doi:/10.1108/14601060710720546

Djourova, N. P, Lorente, L., & Rodriguez, I. (2019). Validation of a modified version of the psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ12) in Spain. Interamerican Journal of Psychology, doi: 10.21772/ripo.v37n2a01

George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2001). When openness to experience and conscientiousnessare related to creative behavior: An interactional approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 513–524, doi: 10.1037//0021-9010.86.3.513

Janssen, O. (2000). Job demands, perception of effort-reward fairness and innovative work behavior. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology. 73(3), 287-302.

Janssen, O. (2004). How fairness perceptions make innovative behavior more or less stressful. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 201–215. doi: 10. 1002/job.238

Kementrian Keuangan Direktorat Jenderal Anggaran. (2022). Warta anggaran: Majalah keuangan publik, Edisi 40, tahun 2022.

Kumar, R. (2018). Research methodology: A step by step guide for beginner (5th ed.). London: Sage Publication.

Luthans F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695–706.

Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. USA : Oxford University Press, Inc.

Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive Psychological Capital: Measurement and Relationship with Performance and Satisfaction. Personnel Psychology , 541‐572.

Peterson J.P., Luthans F., Avolio B., Walumbwa F.O., Zhang Z. (2011). Psychological capital and employee performance: a latent growth modeling approach. Personnel Psychology, Vol. 64, No. 2, 2011.

Ramamoorthy, N., Patrick, C.F., Tracy, S., & Ron, S. (2005). Determinants of innovative work behavior: development and test of an integrated model. Creativity and innovation management. 14(2): 142-159.

Ratnaningsih, I. Z., Prasetyo, A. R., & Prihatsanti, U. (2016). Predicting innovative behavior among employees in a manufacturing company: The role of psychological capital Anima Indonesian Psychological Journal, 31(2), 84-90.

Rego, A., Carla, M., Leal, S., & Miguel, P.C. (2010). Psychological capital and performance of portuguese civil servants: exploring neutralizers in the context of an appraisal system. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 21(9): 1531-1552.

Saragih, R. (2017). Membangun usaha kreatif, inovatif, dan bermanfaat melalui penerapan kewirausahaan sosial. Jurnal Kewirausahaan. 3(2), 26-34.

Snyder CR, Irving L, Anderson J. (1991). Hope and health: Measuring the will and the ways. In Snyder CR, Forsyth DR (Eds.), Handbook of social and clinical psychology (285–305). Elmsford, NY: Pergamon.

Usman, M. (1997). Kewirausahaan dalam birokrasi salah satu langkah antisipatif menghadapi globalisasi. Makalah seminar. Jatinagor; IKOPIN.

Wojtczuk-Turek, A. (2012). Innovative work behavior and psychological capital–analysis of relationships. Organizacja I Zarządzanie: Kwartalnik Naukowy, 3(19), 71-88.

Youssef, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2007). Positive Organizational Behavior in the Workplace: The Impact of Hope, Optimism, and Resilience. Journal of Management, 33(5), 774–800.

Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectations. The Academy Of Management Journal, 53(2), 323–342. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/25684323